The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

1. Which support cell creates the blood brain barrier?
a. Glial Cell
b. Neurons Cell
c. Schwann Cell
d. Satellite Cell
*e. Astrocyte

2. When I was a kid my mother would yell at my brother for sniffing glue. She would tell him he would lose all his brain cells if he kept doing this. Was my mother correct?
a. no, cells re-grow
b. due to mitosis we do not need to worry about the amount of cells we have
c. we have an endless supply, so sniff away
*d. brain cells are limited, she was correct
e. this was found true by brain cell studies.

3. When the child touched the hot stove the nerve impulse shot back up to the cell body through what?
a. Axon
*b. Dendrite
c. Neuron
d. A and B the impulse was going back and forth at the same time

4. My aunt was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis which is a chronic, degenerating, remitting and relapsing disease that progressively destroys which part of the neuron in the Central Nervous System?
a. Schwann cells
b. microglia
*c. oligodendrocyte cells
d. axon

5. Which of the following neurons are pseudounipolar?
a. autonomic motor neurons
b. somatic motor neurons
c. neurons in the retina
*d. sensory neurons
e. all of the above

6. Which of the following may be produced by the action of nitric oxide?
a. dilation of blood vessels
b. constriction of blood vessels
c. erection of the penis
*d. a and c only
e. all of the above

7. The supporting cells that form myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system are:
a. oligodendrocytes
b. satellite cells
*c. Schwann Cells
d. astrocytes
e. microglia

8. Where do dendrites transmit electrical impulses?
*a. Towards the cell body
b. Away from the cell body
c. Around the cell body
d. Inside the cell body
e. All of the above

9. What is the nervous system divided into?
a. Central nervous system
b. Peripheral nervous system
c. Neurons
d. Cell Body
*e. a and b only

10. The absolute refractory period of a neuron:
a. occurs only during the repolarization phase
b. occurs only during the depolarization phase
c. is due to the high negative polarity of the neuron
*d. occurs during depolarization and the first phase of repolarization


11. Which ion is responsible for the release of neurotransmitters during a synapse?
a. potassium ion
*b. calcium ion
c. sodium ion
d. chlorine ion
e. negative ion

12. Which of the following is not true of the neuron?
a. composed of cell body, dendrites, and axon
b. long living
*c. need individual neuron for every single muscle fiber
d. very interconnected, particularly in the brain
e. more inhibitory neurons than excitatory neurons

13. The most common cell in the brain is the:
*a. astrocyte
b. schwann cell
c. microglia
d. oligodendrocyte