Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

1. "Lub" is the sound of which valves shutting?
a. semi-lunar and pulmonary
*b. tricuspid and bicuspid
c. both a and b
d. none of the above

2. Which artery or vein is most commonly used for bypass surgery?
a. brachial artery
b. greater saphenous
c. mammary veins
*d. b and c
e. none of the above

3. Edema may be caused by __________.
a. high blood pressure
b. decreased plasma protein concentration.
c leakage of plasma protein into tissue fluid
d. blockage of lymphatic vessels
*e. all of the above


4. Each normal heartbeat is initiated by the:
a. AV node
b. bundle of HIS
*c. SA node
d. ventricles


5. The function of the serous fluid of the pericardial membranes is to:
*a. prevent friction as the heart beats
b. prevent abnormal clotting in the chambers of the heart
c. keep blood flowing through the heart
d. nourish the myocardium

6. The term systole means:
a. rapid heart rate
b. slow heart rate
c. relaxation
*d. contraction

7. A normal range of heart rate for a healthy adult is _______________ beats per minute.
a. 90-100
b. 70-100
*c. 60-80
d. 50-60


8. The electrical activity of the heart may be depicted in an:
a. EEG
b. Egg
*c. ECG, EKG
d. ECC

9. The nerves that transmit impulses to decrease the heart rate are the:
a. sympathetic nerve
b. coronary nerve
c. glossopharyngeal nerve
*d. vagus nerve

10. The amount of blood pumped by a ventricle in 1 minute is called:
a. stroke volume
b. pulse
c. coronary blood flow
*d. cardiac output

11. A heart rate below 60 bpm is called:
a. a murmur
*b. bradycardia
c. tachycardia
d. galloping

12. The hormone ANP increases the loss of _____________________ in urine to decrease blood volume and blood pressure.
a. calcium ions
*b. sodium ions and water
c. potassium ions
d. water only

13. The first part of the cardiac conduction pathway in the ventricles is the:
*a. bundle of HIS
b. AV node
c. bundle branch
d. Purkinje fiber

14. The difference between resting cardiac output and maximum exercise cardiac output is called the:
a. cardiac override
b. cardiac limit
*c. cardiac reserve
d. cardiac extra

15. Blood pressure is lowest in
a. arteries
b. arterioles
c. capillaries
*d. veins

16. The pulse pressure is a measure of
a. the number of heartbeats per minute
b. the sum of the diastolic and systolic pressure
*c. the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures
d. the difference between the arterial and venous pressure


17. When an Rh negative mother gives birth to a Rh positive baby, which of these is not true?
a. the baby will be born with Haemolytic disease
b. the mother will develop antibodies against fetus
c. the mother will need Rhogam shots
*d. the baby will need Rhogam shots


18. The soluble protein that precipitates to become fibrin in the presence of thrombin is called_____.
*a. thrombopoietin
b. rythropoietin
c. plasma protein
d. hemoglobin

19. What is the most commonly used vein for Bypass heart surgery
a. femoral vein
b. common iliac vein
*c. great saphenous vein
d. radial vein